40^th European Cardiology Conference

Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases

Biomarkers play a pivotal role in diagnosing, managing, and predicting outcomes in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). These biological indicators, detectable in blood, urine, or tissues, provide valuable insights into the pathophysiological processes of heart conditions, enabling precise and timely medical interventions. Cardiac biomarkers such as troponins and creative kinase-MB (CK-MB) are widely recognized for their ability to diagnose acute myocardial infarction (heart attack). Elevated levels of these proteins indicate cardiac muscle damage, aiding in swift decision-making during emergencies. Similarly, natriuretic peptides, including BNP and NT-proBNP, are critical in diagnosing and monitoring heart failure by reflecting cardiac stress and volume overload. Emerging biomarkers, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and galectin-3, are advancing risk stratification and offering insights into inflammatory and fibrotic processes in CVD. Genomic and proteomic biomarkers, identified through cutting-edge technologies, are paving the way for precision medicine, allowing tailored therapies based on an individual’s molecular profile. Biomarkers are also instrumental in assessing treatment efficacy and predicting long-term outcomes, enhancing personalized care. Ongoing research into novel biomarkers promises to further improve the early detection and management of CVD, contributing to reduced morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Their role underscores the future of cardiovascular care in the era of precision medicine.